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Retired NBME 25 Answers

nbme25/Block 1/Question#20 (reveal difficulty score)
An 85-year-old man comes to the physician ...
Ostial stenosis of one renal artery ๐Ÿ” / ๐Ÿ“บ / ๐ŸŒณ / ๐Ÿ“–
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submitted by โˆ—shak360(20)
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I was confused and thought that ostial had something to do with bone but I guess ostial refers to the opening or the origin of a vessel (like the cervical Os or the coronary Os).

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Most hypertension is essential or physiological or primary and is related to increased cardiac output or increased total peripheral resistance.

Secondary hypertension is secondary to renal/renovascular disease such as fibromuscular dysplasia (a question asking for this would have likely given us an image with a "string of beads" appearance and a vignette with a woman of child-bearing age) OR renal artery stenosis (or as written in this question ostial stenosis of one renal artery) possibly due to atherosclerosis.

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