to snoo-finity ... and beyond!
to snoo-finity ... and beyond!
After the cuff is tied, the cells and tissue distal to the cuff will continue consuming ATP (ATP->ADP), but no fresh blood will be delivered to “clear” what will be an accumulating amount of ADP and other metabolites. ADP (=Adenosine) is itself a proxy of consumption and drives vasodilation of arteries! (Evolution is smart!) Increasing ADP/Adenosine in a “local environment” is a signal to the body that a lot of consumption is occurring there; thus, arteries and arterioles naturally dilate to increase blood flow rates and “sweep away” metabolic byproducts.
Which of the following reasons is why this question is bull?
1) Using the word "cyclic" instead of tricyclic for clarity
2) Knowing all of epidemiology of all drugs
3) having to reason out that anticholinergic effects are probably the worst over alpha1 or H1 effects to no certainty.
4) The crippling depression of studying for days-to-weeks on end to probably do average on the test.
easiest thing to do - try to justify STUPID NBME answers. But i think we missed important part that 35% of body's surface is almost both legs , so next few days body will try to remove all toxins , balance extracellular and intracellular fluids, make new cells for parts its possible, make granulation tissue , try to not lose body's heat , basically do a lot and things that way increasing metabolic rate (through stress hormones and TSH PDGF , EDGF , Colony stimulating growth factor , VEGF etc.)
if problem is the bone => bone conduction will be better , if problem is the nerve air conduction will be better
i thought in this way - i imagenet cell put in salt water , so water from cell will go out because nature like equality and water from cell trying to make that equality thus making solute inside the cell become thick aka high osmolar , second part of the answer is salty water still water
Notice drop of O2 saturation from LA (95%) to LV (70%) & equal O2 saturation between LV (70%) & RV (70%) --> VSD is present
Notice the pressure of the RV (120/6) – Normal RV pressure is 25/5 which indicates increased pressure because of the increased volume of blood coming from the LV through the VSD
Grade 4 murmur is a palpable thrill most likely due to RVH from the overloaded work
Like many here, I was between E. Coli and Shigella but went with Shigella because of the daycare center history. I associate EHEC E. Coli with bad burger meat and it seemed unlikely to me that they would be whipping up burgers at the daycare (Usually everyone brings their own lunch to daycare) .
Pt is an 11 yo M, 2 days of nasal congestion and sore throat. Coughing and sneezing productive of green mucus. There is postnasal drainage of copious yellow-green mucus, and enlarged tonsils.
This patient has a head cold, with postnasal drip that is causing his cough. Antiviral therapy (E) is not directed against the Rhinovirus. The patient does not show signs of bacterial infection which would require antibiotic therapy (F), namely tympanic membrane bulging and ear pain. There is no fever to indicate sever infection or sinus tenderness to indicate an X-ray of the sinuses is warranted (D), or that culture of discharge would change current treatment (C). Because this infection is self-limited and the child can blow their nose, sinus lavage in the clinic is not necessary. (B).
The way I remember it, S1: Mitral & tricuspid bc blood goes from atria to ventricles then from ventricles to outside the heart --> S2. Now, when you have a Split S1 the way I think about is that when you inhale you have extra blood coming into the right side of the heart so the tricuspid valves closes later and causes a split S1 upon respiration. Hope that helps.
can somebody explain how energy production by glycolysis increased, since aerobic glycolysis produce 32 net ATP,compare to 2 net ATP through anaerobic glycolysis ?
The person is presenting with symptoms of CHF (dyspnea on exertion, pitting edema) as well as b/l basilar crackles all of which indicate a fluid overloaded state. In addition, there is cardiac dysfunction with improper pumping of the blood. Due to decreased cardiac output, the body perceives this as a "hypovolemic" state and causes the release of hormones like ADH and Renin in an effort to reabsorb water to bring the volume up. While the patient is having extracellular fluid accumulation (edema) the arterial blood volume is low which is what causes the "hypovolemic" state.