to snoo-finity ... and beyond!
to snoo-finity ... and beyond!
After the cuff is tied, the cells and tissue distal to the cuff will continue consuming ATP (ATP->ADP), but no fresh blood will be delivered to “clear” what will be an accumulating amount of ADP and other metabolites. ADP (=Adenosine) is itself a proxy of consumption and drives vasodilation of arteries! (Evolution is smart!) Increasing ADP/Adenosine in a “local environment” is a signal to the body that a lot of consumption is occurring there; thus, arteries and arterioles naturally dilate to increase blood flow rates and “sweep away” metabolic byproducts.
Which of the following reasons is why this question is bull?
1) Using the word "cyclic" instead of tricyclic for clarity
2) Knowing all of epidemiology of all drugs
3) having to reason out that anticholinergic effects are probably the worst over alpha1 or H1 effects to no certainty.
4) The crippling depression of studying for days-to-weeks on end to probably do average on the test.
Water(1) 1Kg water=1L water 450mOsm/kg water=450mOsm/L water Min H2O needed to dissolve 450 solute by kidney is 1L water Water(2) Other (feces et al.)=1L Total: water(1)+ water(2)=2L
Maybe they went with serum sickness (a type III hypersensitivity rxn) on this question based on the serology used to diagnose RA. Pts with RA have antibodies to immunoglobulin G (IgG), called rheumatoid factors (RFs). It makes some sense that upon these rheumatoid factors reacting with "self" circulating IgG, immune complexes would form that would later deposit in tissues (explaining in part the extraarticular manifestations seen with RA, ex. rheumatoid nodules, pleuritis, pericarditis etc..)
https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/medicine-and-dentistry/type-iii-hypersensitivity
Exclude the intake year. Add all the positive results (400+250+300+300+250 = 1500). Divide 1500 by the total number of patients from the start of the incidence period, year 1, so 6000 ---> 1500/6000=0.25, this is the average across all 5 years. For annual, divide 0.25 by the number of years, 5 --> 0.25/5 = 0.05 --> 5%.
That's how I got it.
You need to acknowledge and discuss the reason for missing. Some people - young women mostly, intentionally restrict insulin therapy to lose weight. It's called diabulimia. They manage their glucose levels right before the blood draw so that their glucose is normal on the labs, but the HA1c doesn't lie.