Retired NBME Answer Explanations

Second Aid\microbiology\antimicrobials

\Antimicrobial therapy
\Penicillin
\Methicillin, nafcillin, dicloxacillin (penicillinase-resistant penicillins)
\Ampicillin, amoxicillin (aminopenicillins)
\Ticarcillin, carbenicillin, piperacillin (anti-pseudomonals)
\beta-lactamase inhibitors
\Cephalosporins
\Aztreonam
\Imipenem/cilastatin, meropenem
\Vancomycin
\Protein synthesis inhibitors
\Aminoglycosides
\Tetracyclines
\Macrolides
\Chloramphenicol
\Clindamycin
\Sulfonamides
\Trimethoprim
\Fluoroquinolones
\Metronidazole
\Antimycobacterial drugs
\Isoniazid (INH)
\Rifampin
\Pyrazinamide
\Ethambutol
\Antimicrobial prophylaxis
\HIV prophylaxis
\Treatment of highly resistant bacteria
\Empiric therapy for community-acquired pneumonia
\Antifungal therapy
\Amphotericin B
\Nystatin
\Azoles
\Flucytosine
\Caspofungin
\Terbinafine
\Griseofulvin
\Antiprotozoan therapy
\Chloroquine
\Antihelminthic therapy
\Antiviral chemotherapy
\Amantadine
\Zanamivir, oseltamivir
\Ribavirin
\Acyclovir
\Ganciclovir
\Foscarnet
\Cidofovir
\HIV therapy
\Interferons
\Antibiotics to avoid in pregnancy