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submitted by โˆ—shak360(23)
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hsiT pega orfm 2F02A0 nda herot essceurro sowh thta ricaent lab vsuale ni nagreynpc necinrgse are sdcgtanoii rof ysTriom 2.1

ehT esay hnigt ot brmeemre is tath ni all aulsoamot mersoiist APPAP- is ee.dscerad n(I itoyrsm 12 n,woD 81 dsdw,aEr and 31 a,uPat PPPA ro scno-spyrtcgaeadnaie apmsal nrtoiep si der.adec)se

rFo owDn somryden yasilcclfi,ep rittistrr-msefe taruosudnl cylnmomo shosw daercsine anluhc cltucanynrse nad cipptaolhys asanl oben.

yna,liFl ni iomsyrt 21 nowD enosdr,my eht amrkrse ear HI up, sa ni

  • sniradece bhaCG-te h(et h ni a)munh
  • rdnsciaee hibniin A

nI ethro iesr,moits seeht leauvs aer dcdrease.e

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shak360  In diadtino ot PAPPA,- AFP ro ei-anthopoeaptlrf si laos ercaddees ni all fo thsee oisesrrdd and os si sot.elir nI tc,fa ti htmgi be iearse to emebmrre thta aC-ethbG na(d Ihnnibi A) si stuj etealvde in wnDo nreodySm dna atth in eryve toher i,assede yeevr elavu si rsdedeeca as a esic.turhi +

We said that AFP is decreased in autosomal trisomies, but it might be good to know that it is increased in Ataxia-telangiectasia (defect in the ATM gene leading to decreased IgA, spider angiomas, and ataxia) and within the realm of pregnancy, neural tube defects. In neural tube defects, neuropores fail to fuse in the 4th week leading to a persistent connection between the amniotic cavity and the spinal canal leading to an increased AFP in the amniotic fluid and maternal serum. This isn't the case in particular for spinal bifida occulta (the one with the tuft of hair) probably because of the lack of herniation. Remember that these diseases can also cause polyhydramnios (mainly anencephaly) due to the lack of a swallowing center in the brain.

+/- shak360(23)

AFP is also a tumor marker for Yolk sac tumors, mixed embryonal carcinomas (low yield), and hepatocellular carcinoma.

+/- shak360(23)

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