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Retired NBME 20 Answers

nbme20/Block 3/Question#37 (reveal difficulty score)
A 62-year-old man with alcohol-induced liver ...
Spironolactone ๐Ÿ” / ๐Ÿ“บ / ๐ŸŒณ / ๐Ÿ“–
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 +3  upvote downvote
submitted by โˆ—sweetmed(157)
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A rapid reduction of ascites is often accomplished simply with the addition of low-dose oral diuretics in the outpatient setting. First-line diuretic therapy for cirrhotic ascites is the combined use of spironolactone (Aldactone) and furosemide (Lasix) - Clevland Clinic

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 +2  upvote downvote
submitted by โˆ—hayayah(1212)
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Clinical use of K-sparing diuretics:

  • Hyperaldosteronism
  • K+ depletion
  • HF
  • hepatic ascites (spironolactone)
  • nephrogenic DI (amiloride)
  • antiandrogen
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redvelvet  Patients with hepatic ascites have hyperaldosteronism; because the intravascular volume is escaped to third space(ascites). So adding spironolactone is a good choice. +3
champagnesupernova3  Always combine a K+ losing diuretic with a K+ sparing diuretic +16
bryno20  My rational was a bit different. The patient likely has hepatorenal syndrome leading to a the ascites and decreased GFR. All diuretics, except for the steroids (eg, spironolactone), require secretion into the PCT in a GFR-dependent manner; for this reason, patient's with renal impairment show best success the steroid diuretics since their action is independent of renal function and GFR. +
utap2001  RAAS system is increased in hepatic disease and HF, ACEI or ARB are good choices in diuresis therapy. +
kcyanide101  I got this question wrong... My mind set was that in cirrhotic cases they have hyper estrenism which accounts for the spider angioma etc.... As such adding spironolactone which is a potent blocker of testosterone will make their condition worse :( +2
epiglotitties  @kcyanide101 glad i'm not the only one who went about it that way +



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