ฮณ-aminobutyric acid =GABA, so not a neurotransmitter dealing with pain. deals with excitability and movement.
dopamine: think of parkinson's (too little of it) and schizophrenia (too much of it), either way doesn't deal with pain reception.
Enkephalin: related to a type of opioid receptor. It closes presynaptic Ca2+ channels, open postsynaptic K+channelsย and thus decreases synaptic transmission. It actually inhibits the release of ACh, norepinephrine, 5-HT, glutamate, substance P.
Serotonin: think of depression. again, doesnt deal with pain reception.
Substance P: even if you didn't know exactly what it did, you could rule out the others. you could also remember the pathophysiology of migraines: "Due to irritation of CN V, meninges, or blood vessels (release of vasoactive neuropeptides [eg, substance P, calcitonin gene-related peptide]) causing the immense pain of migraines."
For completeness sake: "Muscle nociceptors contain neuropeptides, including substance P (SP) and calcitonin-gene-related peptide (CGRP). These peptides are released when nerve endings are activated and induce local edema by dilating the local blood vessels and increasing their permeability."
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2696782/
also, good to know aprepitant is an anti-emetic that is Substance P antagonist. Blocks NK1(neurokinin-1) receptors in brain. yes, theres no mention of "pain" in that FA definition but Substance P got its hands in a lot of cookie jars ok
Capsaicin cream treats neuropathic pain by depleting substance P in the localized area. Since there was partial relief after administration of capsaicin, substance P is most likely mediating this patient's pain.
submitted by โokokok1(38)
ฮณ-aminobutyric acid =GABA, so not a neurotransmitter dealing with pain. deals with excitability and movement.
dopamine: think of parkinson's (too little of it) and schizophrenia (too much of it), either way doesn't deal with pain reception.
Enkephalin: related to a type of opioid receptor. It closes presynaptic Ca2+ channels, open postsynaptic K+channelsย and thus decreases synaptic transmission. It actually inhibits the release of ACh, norepinephrine, 5-HT, glutamate, substance P.
Serotonin: think of depression. again, doesnt deal with pain reception.
Substance P: even if you didn't know exactly what it did, you could rule out the others. you could also remember the pathophysiology of migraines: "Due to irritation of CN V, meninges, or blood vessels (release of vasoactive neuropeptides [eg, substance P, calcitonin gene-related peptide]) causing the immense pain of migraines."
For completeness sake: "Muscle nociceptors contain neuropeptides, including substance P (SP) and calcitonin-gene-related peptide (CGRP). These peptides are released when nerve endings are activated and induce local edema by dilating the local blood vessels and increasing their permeability." https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2696782/
also, good to know aprepitant is an anti-emetic that is Substance P antagonist. Blocks NK1(neurokinin-1) receptors in brain. yes, theres no mention of "pain" in that FA definition but Substance P got its hands in a lot of cookie jars ok