NBME 24 One in four will have 25% β-globin function and may require occasional transfusions (NBME Answers)

NBME 24 Answers ↦

nbme24/Block 1/Question#40 (43.3 difficulty score)
A 26-year-old man and his 25-year-old wife ...
One in four will have 25% β-globin function and may require occasional transfusions🔍
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+24
submitted by brethren_md(87),

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keaM a etnuptn usaqer wiht a osscr of B +B dan B ;B0 +B reessetpnr 5%0 fniocutn ihlwe 0B srsrpenete 0% )nlul( .fonnituc oS ni htsi ,seac hte dauhbsn wdluo evah a B B0 yneotgpe hewil teh wief sah a B +B tye.neopg

sosCr fo eeths wot wlli stleur ni hte olwnfogil tsoey;engp BB, 0,BB +,BB B0B+ BB = 010% ncutin,fo BB+ = 75% ,fntucion B0B = %05 nfun,coti +0BB = 2%5 iuncotnf

oS hte wserna ilwl eb 1 in 4 ahev a 5%2 incontfu gnevi het e.esyngtop

tyrionwill how about the choice of D: 1 in 4 have 50% function, which is true. shall 50% function needs transfusion? +

tyrionwill In FA, it defines beta thalassemia into minor (HbA2 >3.5%) and major (both HbF and HbA2 go further up), and the major needs transfusion frequently. How can we take this classification based upon quantitive way like in this question? how much percentage of function left does not need a frequent transfusion? +

azibird D says one in TWO, not one in FOUR. +2

hemehero Is there a way to know that B+B0 will = 25% function. I was stuck between 25% function and 10% function, but couldn't figure out how to reason between the two of them. +

neil_simmons The question says the mother has a mutation known to cause 50% decrease in beta-globin gene function of one allele. So if one allele is working at 50% (B+) and the other allele is working at 0% (B0), then that would mean that particular set of alleles would function at 25%. +

+0
submitted by medstruggle(12),

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atWhs het infdeecerf eebtnew rygso“eueohzt lnul uomatnit ni B nolibg eg”ne dan ghz“oyetoerus aitotunm knnwo to useac 5%0 asecreed in B gbnloi eneg ftonicnu fo one l”lea?le

welpdedelp I interpreted "null" as meaning full deletion while the other heterozygous mutations was only a 50% decrease in the function. One child would inherit 1 null mutation and 1 50% mutation, which would leave them with a 25% functional gene. +14

j44n A thal is the deletion, B thal is mutations on promoters or splice sites. +

+0
submitted by mynamejeff(0),

I think E is also viable... 1/4 is B/B and another 1/4 is B/B+ . The B/B+ is B-thalassemia minor where B chain is underproduced (functions normally) and is usually asymptomatic, per FA (2020 pg. 418).

Thoughts?

Also, my understanding on B-thalassemia from Dr. Sattar and first aid is that it's not set in stone that B+ is 50% production. It seems to vary.

syringomyelia1 E says 1/2 not 1/4 +