Tactile fremitus relies on the increased transmission of sound waves and vibrations through consolidated lung tissue as compared with normal, aerated lung tissue.

The examiner will note increased vibration against the hand when the patient vocalizes diphthong phrases, indicative of the presence of consolidation and pneumonia

Kaplan-Meier estimates are used to provide prognostic data to patients with new diagnoses. The survival rate is the percentage of patients who survive a given time interval. In the case of a patient who is known to have survived to a certain time point, the prior survival likelihoods are irrelevant.

Bile acid resins (cholestyramine, colestipol, Colesevelam) decrease serum cholesterol by inhibiting bile acid recycling through the intestinal Lumen.

The decreased reabsorption of cholesterol results in decreased intrahepatic cholesterol concentrations; this causes the liver to increase the expression of the LDL receptors that bind plasma LDL and ultimately lower serum LDL/cholesterol.

vs. HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors (statins) = inhibiting hepatic cholesterol synthesis. They also ^ hepatic LDL receptors and thus decrease circulating levels of LDL.

= GBS. (AI DP) attack of spinal nerve roots. acute, symmetric ascending weakness + hyporeflexia. +/- Autonomic dysfxn +/- sensory sx. LP shows CSF = ^ protein, normal cell counts.

DDx: - Anterior horn degeneration: Polio/SMA (congenital). LMN weakness + decreased reflexes. NOT RAPID ONSET/ASCENTION. NO autonomic or sensory sx.

-Axonal polyneuropathy = spinal nerve root axons. motor sx only or motor + sensory sx. Reflexes preserved. Autonomic sx less likely. Dx: nerve conduction studies.