iwoKgnn the R+L ulave = 01 dose nto phel ot seolv hist Q eeaucbs esmnagitti eehwr 10"" slhodu fall on an saxi si byaarirtr. Also, hte tdaa otpisn rae sidtnracoeo -- htey ahev an aevlX-u nad a ulvY-ea X,( )Y.

ehT ywa ot apcrhapo itsh Q is to wokn tath a hgih fsticcyiipe aensm taht a ioeptvis srutel si r,vye reyv eilkly ot eb a ertu viiepo.st

puSpeos htat hte yftiesciicp si 09.9 -- tish is 9%9 tcyceiipifs. ,hneT uoy oklo ta het rp.hga hTe ix-Xas is e"cy-icf.tp1si"i oS, psopues hte steb etst sha a iefsytciicp of 99.% Thne, luaecctla ic tfis1epyc-i = 1 - 909. = ..001 uoY ulodw thne secho eth npaiattod tath nsrpocsdore to gnhiva na lXeu"v"-a atth is cltsoes to the r.nioig nI hist emorl,pb it ercropnossd ot daat ipotn A"."

Yuo tn'od vene eden ot knwo a ifspccei scpcyfetiii velua ot svoel tihs pb.remol llA ouy eend to od si transdudne htat if eht cisfctiyiep si meyxlrtee hg,hi you illw ndee ot infd a idaoptnta htta si sltoesc ot the noiigr -- at aeslt for het uleav ni teh -sxiaX in eht ectoiaodnr of the atad ptnio -- ecauseb eht sai-xX sdcrroneosp to a acuaciltonl fo p-cic"f1ys.eii"t

The ntsqueio si ikgsna ahwt piotn lwuod be eth mots ekyill ot eulr ni ,eacrcn dna ghhi yieifcicpts hwne spiitevo elsru ni rc.acne heT thgiehs ipiesitfcyc aluve is A, bc eht eth X iasx soswh (iifp1-ic)et!ysc

oHw many eeolpp tnidd' ese atth ti swa i1cpfse-ctiyi nda epcdki E iekl em (:

The swdor so"mt e"yetceffliv uesnfcod .em I uhthtog ot eyfmsl "nvee if it ash the igetshh tficcsiyp,ie t'si not vyre ifetcveef if tsi' tog pures low syvitenitis -- escni ti iwll imss a lot of the uret v'+es (ganliif ot lure in nrccea fro teh nose atth etg m."ds)ise tTha was a rtyos I ltdo ymlsfe uabot rthie use fo teh sorwd t"smo "feeytclvife .oll

ryeV y.sea
nyii;sv Sttie OnS.UT
ttvsiiiSyen is uory Y sa,ix adn the higrhe yuo og, het remo visenes,ti hhwic snaem ouy nca rule UOT r.neacc
o S A is eht tesla ie.ssitenv

;ipetiSfcyic INSp. fiSpeicc etsts ulre otu eacnrc. If uyro ccepsfiiyti is ,1 hent ite1ysipc-fci ouwld be ,0 cwihh si hte 0 tniop of het X sxai.

ihTs is a idilhkeolo .otria R+L= pnScf-Ssiee/1

yAn eauvl getarer nath 01 (rep sfrti d)ai dcdnatiie sfseel"uuns fo cgstoiaind stte" hwchi si ceamlrabop to PPV gunril( ni a .dz) itPon ""A is het sstolec armk ot hweer 10 ohldus be on hte Y xasi.